tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31567073038379382192024-03-20T03:58:17.532+05:30Programming RefresherWriting code and seeing our application automating a task is a great fun to see.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.comBlogger20125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-75071141516781963232016-02-04T15:45:00.002+05:302016-02-04T15:45:35.198+05:30Designing utility methods in ruby<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This demo is to introduce ways of defining static methods in ruby. Generally utility classes will not store any state information and thread safe.<br />
<br />
</div>
<pre>
# Demo for defining utility methods in ruby
# In Java it is known as static methods
module Universe
module Earth
def sayHello
puts "Hello from earth!"
end
def sayHi
puts "Hi from earth!"
end
def sayBye
puts "Bye from earth!"
end
end
end
module Universe
module Moon
class << self
include Universe::Earth
private
def foobar
puts "Hello from foobar!"
end
end
end
end
Universe::Moon.sayHello
</pre>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-21633924943643577002015-05-10T12:29:00.001+05:302015-05-10T12:33:50.210+05:30Sorting a collection by more than one field<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Let's say we have an Employee Object with the fields as given below.<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush:java">
class Employee implements Comparable {
private int empid;
private String deptname;
private String name;
private float salary;
public int getEmpid() {
return empid;
}
public String getDeptname() {
return deptname;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public float getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public Employee(int empid, String deptname, String name, float salary) {
this.empid = empid;
this.deptname = deptname;
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee{" + "empid=" + empid + ", deptname=" + deptname + ", name=" + name + ", salary=" + salary + '}' + "\n";
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int hash = 3;
hash = 23 * hash + this.empid;
return hash;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj == null) {
return false;
}
if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
return false;
}
final Employee other = (Employee) obj;
if (this.empid != other.empid) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Object o) {
if (o instanceof Employee) {
Employee other = (Employee) o;
return this.name.compareTo(other.name);
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("Comparison object is not matching");
}
}
}
</pre>
Requirement:
We want to sort Employee objects first by deptname and then followed by employee name within each department.
<pre class="brush:java">
public class MultipleSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Employee> emplist = new ArrayList<Employee>();
emplist.add(new Employee(353744, "MCA", "Athiruban", 47000));
emplist.add(new Employee(311344, "CSE", "Nandhini", 41000));
emplist.add(new Employee(351144, "EEE", "Kishore", 44400));
emplist.add(new Employee(353321, "MCA", "Karthik", 37000));
emplist.add(new Employee(353711, "CSE", "Gopal", 37000));
emplist.add(new Employee(353743, "IT", "AthiNivas", 67000));
defaultSortandDisplay(emplist);
sortByDeptAndThenByName(emplist);
}
private static void defaultSortandDisplay(List<Employee> emplist) {
Collections.sort(emplist);
System.out.println("DefaultSortandDisplay->\n" + emplist);
}
private static void sortByDeptAndThenByName(List<Employee> emplist) {
Map<String, List<Employee>> mapSortedByDept = new TreeMap<String, List<Employee>>();
List<Employee> finallist = new ArrayList<Employee>();
for (Employee e : emplist) {
if (mapSortedByDept.containsKey(e.getDeptname()) == true) {
mapSortedByDept.get(e.getDeptname()).add(e);
} else {
List templist = new ArrayList<Employee>();
templist.add(e);
mapSortedByDept.put(e.getDeptname(), templist);
}
}
System.out.println("Ordered by Department->\n" + mapSortedByDept);
Collection<List<Employee>> collectionSortedByDept = mapSortedByDept.values();
for (List indvlist : collectionSortedByDept) {
Collections.sort(indvlist);
finallist.addAll(indvlist);
}
System.out.println("Ordered by name within Department->\n" + mapSortedByDept);
System.out.println("Final list->\n" + finallist);
}
}
</pre>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-4675001007527068532015-05-07T11:38:00.001+05:302015-06-06T22:37:11.227+05:30Observer Pattern example<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<pre class="brush:java">
package designpatterns;
/*
* Observer Pattern example
*/
class WeatherData {
float temperature;
float humidity;
public float getTemperature(){
return temperature;
}
public float getHumidity() {
return humidity;
}
public void setTemperature(float t) {
temperature = t;
}
public void setHumidity(float h) {
humidity = h;
}
}
/*
* The below interface adds functionality to add, remove subscribers/clients
* to the internal list so that they can be notified whenever the state of
* the weather changes.
*/
interface WeatherNotifier {
public void notify();
public void addListener(Object client);
public void removeListener(Object client);
}
/*
* WeatherData after implementing the above interface
*/
class WeatherData implements WeatherNotifier {
private List subscribers;
{
subscribers = new ArrayList();
}
public void notify() {
// notify/wake up all the subscribers to update their view with latest state information
Iterator iterator = subscribers.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
iterator.next().update();
}
}
@Override
public void addListener(Object client) {
subscribers.add(client);
}
@Override
public void removeListener(Object client) {
subscribers.remove(client);
}
public void setTemperature(float t) {
temperature = t;
dataChanged();
}
public void setHumidity(float h) {
humidity = h;
dataChanged();
}
private void dataChanged() {
notify();
}
public float getTemperature(){
return temperature;
}
public float getHumidity() {
return humidity;
}
}
interface WeatherReader {
public void update();
}
class WeatherClient implements WeatherReader{
WeatherData source;
public void update() {
System.out.println("Temperature is " + source.getTemperature());
System.out.println("Humidity is " + source.getHumidity());
}
}
</pre>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-83427160639541871252015-05-06T12:18:00.000+05:302015-05-06T12:18:10.416+05:30Adapter Pattern example<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<i>Adapter Pattern</i><br />
<br />
It helps to assign/convert one interface (called as source) to another distinct interface (called as target).<br />
<br />
<u>Example Description:</u><br />
<br />
The below code helps us to use legacy Enumeration class available in Vector class in place of modern Iterator class.<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush:java">package designpattern;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Vector;
/**
*
* @author DELL
*/
public class AdapterPatternExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
demo();
}
public static void demo() {
Vector namelist = new Vector();
namelist.add("Athiruban");
namelist.add("Athinivas");
Enumeration legacyIterator = namelist.elements();
Iterator iterator;
LegacyIteratorAdapter adapter = new LegacyIteratorAdapter(legacyIterator);
//iterator = legacyIterator; /* this code will fail */
iterator = adapter;
for (; iterator.hasNext();) {
System.out.println(iterator.next().toString());
}
}
}
class LegacyIteratorAdapter implements Iterator {
/*
* The purpose of the class to adapt the legacy Enumeration interface to
* modern Iterator interface.
*/
Enumeration legacyIterator;
public LegacyIteratorAdapter(Enumeration e) {
legacyIterator = e;
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return legacyIterator.hasMoreElements();
}
@Override
public Object next() {
return legacyIterator.nextElement();
}
@Override
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
}
}
</pre>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-72405139102153797612015-05-02T23:02:00.000+05:302015-05-06T12:25:27.645+05:30Coding refresher on Github<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
It gives an immense pleasure to share my technical experience with fellow people. I started pushing all my local code fragments/programs to github as a way of helping young/new programmers on how to code in Java.<br />
<br />
Github link to my program list that helped me to attain "Oracle Certified Java Professional".<br />
<br />
<a href="https://github.com/athiruban/CodingRefresher">https://github.com/athiruban/CodingRefresher</a><br />
<br />
Many new interesting topics on DataStructure and Algorithms will be added to the above repo.<br />
<br />
Please visit and share your comments on how we can improve this further.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-89244995299911182232015-04-03T11:27:00.001+05:302015-05-10T12:41:15.706+05:30Largest rectangle in a histogram<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The below code finds the rectangle with maximum area in a histogram with O(n) time complexity.<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush:java"> public static void maxRectArea(int a[], int b[]) {
// this is a maximization problem
// irrespective of the height of the the next bar
// we have to compare the area if including next bar exceeds the current area then we have to include the bar.
// stop the expansion and proceed further until end of input.
// 6 2 5 4 5 1 6
// 6 2 5 8 12 1 6
int i = 0;
int max = -1;
int e = 0;
while (i < a.length) {
if (i == 0)
e = b[i] = a[i];
else {
if (a[i] < a[i-1]) {
int t = b[i-1] / e;
if (((t+1) * a[i]) < b[i-1])
e = b[i] = a[i];
else {
e = a[i];
b[i] = (t+1) * a[i];
}
}
else if (a[i] == a[i-1]) {
b[i] = b[i-1] + e;
}
else if (a[i] > a[i-1]) {
if ((b[i-1] + e) > a[i]) {
b[i] = b[i-1] + e;
}
else {
e = b[i] = a[i];
}
}
}
i++;
}
}
</pre>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-52832563680688148292015-03-08T17:13:00.001+05:302015-05-06T12:22:36.663+05:30Using recursion<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<pre class="brush:java">//Substring using recursion
substring("", userinput, 0, userinput.length());
public static void substring(String fixed, String str, int step, int len) {
if (step < len) {
System.out.printf("%d :%s \n", ++counter, fixed);
while (step < len) {
substring(fixed + str.charAt(step), str, step + 1, len);
step ++;
}
}
else
System.out.printf("%d :%s \n", ++counter, fixed);
}
//Anagram using recursion
public static void anagram(String str, int len) {
anagram0("", str, len);
}
public static void anagram0(String first, String str,
int len) {
String left = "", right = "";
if (len == 1) {
System.out.println(":" + first + str);
}
else {
for (int pos = 0; pos < len; pos++) {
String temp = "" + str.charAt(pos);
left = str.substring(0, pos);
if (pos + 1 == len)
right = "";
else
right = str.substring(pos + 1, len);
anagram0(first + temp, left + right, len - 1);
}
}
}
</pre>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-60792316468547214792014-07-08T20:33:00.003+05:302015-05-06T12:23:06.515+05:30Imagining our data normalized seamlessly across globe<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">After the advent of database technology, the quantum of data generated is increasing in exponential fashion. Is all the data being generated is unique, consistent and stored securely? The answer is No. We create multiple accounts in Google, Twitter, Facebook etc and it is more or less redundant. Also it is possible that un-necessary/un-wanted information being used by various Data Analytic firms that holds several billion dollar value. Are we interested in only finding a short term marketing solution by compromising the value of data.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Imagine a world organized with people's data uniformly, consistently and securely. The advantage of this paradigm is that we can reduce disk space consumption (Environment friendly), preserve the integrity of our data (Fraud elimination), avoid entering our name/address/dob etc while requesting for a new online service (Consistent and fool-proof) and most importantly we can limit the spread of our data to malicious users.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-80536293694950676682013-09-16T00:32:00.002+05:302015-10-23T18:03:30.047+05:30IBM Mainframe technical notes : JCL, VSAM, COBOL and DB2<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;" trbidi="on">
<div class="" id="magicdomid2">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid3">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++ MAINFRAME TECHNICAL NOTES</span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb"> (JCL, VSAM AND COBOL)</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid4">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid5">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid6">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122zz122zoaquaol0n6h1gf">Easytrieve - used for creating reports, file processing, etc.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid7">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid8">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122zz122zoaquaol0n6h1gf">Endeavor - source code management and release management tool</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid9">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid10">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122zz122zoaquaol0n6h1gf">Panvalet - old source code management tool</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid11">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid12">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122zz122zoaquaol0n6h1gf">Xpeditor - is used to debug a program</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid13">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid14">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid15">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">VSAM reference book link</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid16">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">========================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid17">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 url"><a href="http://publib-b.boulder.ibm.com/Redbooks.nsf/RedbookAbstracts/SG246105.html">http://publib-b.boulder.ibm.com/Redbooks.nsf/RedbookAbstracts/SG246105.html</a></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid18">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 url"><a href="http://www.csis.ul.ie/cobol/course/">http://www.csis.ul.ie/cobol/course/</a></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid19">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 url"><a href="http://www.csis.ul.ie/cobol/course/COBOLIntro.htm">http://www.csis.ul.ie/cobol/course/COBOLIntro.htm</a></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid20">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 url"><a href="http://www.csis.ul.ie/cobol/course/EditedPics.htm">http://www.csis.ul.ie/cobol/course/EditedPics.htm</a></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid21">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid22">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid23">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">maximum alternate key length in AIX </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid24">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Max mum of alternate keys possible for a single KSDS is 255 - check</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid25">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid26">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 i"><i>// INCLUDE MEMBER=MEM1(INCLUDE GROUP)</i></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid27">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid28">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>JOBLIB, STEPLIB & JCLLIB</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid29">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid30">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid31">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>JCLLIB</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> - It is used to specify the private library or system </span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>library in which the catalogued procedures</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> are to be retrieved.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid32">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid33">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>PDSE</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> - IS CALLED AS LIBRARY AND IT IS SIMILAR TO PDS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid34">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid35">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 i"><i>// JCLLIB ORDER=LIB1,LIB2</i></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid36">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid37">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>JCL QUICK SYNTAX</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid38">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid39">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>UTILITY</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> : </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>IEFBR14</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid40">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>PURPOSE</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> : DUMMY PROGRAM</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid41">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>OPERATIONS WE DO</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: CREATE PS, PDS, DELETE PS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid42">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid43">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">//DD1 DD DSN=TCHN220.CHNMF10.STEVE,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid44">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">// DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE), </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid45">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">// LIKE=TCHN220.MASTER.PS </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid46">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid47">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid48">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid49">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>UTILITY</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> : </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>IEBGENER</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid50">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>PURPOSE</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> : COPY DATA (SYSUT1,SYSUT2)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid51">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>OPERATIONS WE DO</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: COPY INLINE TO PS/MEMBER OF A PDS, COPY PS TO PS/MEMBER OF A PDS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid52">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IF THE OUTPUT IS STORED IN A MEMBER OF PDS, DSN AND DISP=SHR ARE ENOUGH.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid53">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">THE MEMBER WILL BE CREATED AUTOMATICALLY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid54">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid55">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">THE DISP=MOD IS USED TO APPEND DATA TO A PS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid56">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO COPY MORE THAN ONE PS TO A PS WE NEED TO INCLUDE DD STATEMENT FOR EACH PS IN THE SYSUT1</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid57">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid58">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>REFORMATING DATA WHILE COPYING</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid59">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid60">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid61">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">GENERATE MAXFLDS=2,MAXLITS=6</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid62">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">RECORD FIELD=(<length>,<from>,CH,<to>)</to></from></length></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid63">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid64">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid65">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>UTILITY</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> : </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>IDCAMS</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid66">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>PURPOSE</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> : TO CREATE, MODIFY, REMOVE VSAM CLUSTERS, LIST CATALOG information, </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid67">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid68">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">DEFINE CLUSTER ( -</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid69">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> NAME(<clustername>) -</clustername></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid70">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> TRACK(<pri> <sec>) -</sec></pri></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid71">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> RECORDSIZE(<tot> <avg>) -</avg></tot></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid72">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> CISZ( ) -</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid73">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INDEXED/NONINDEXED/LINEAR/NUMBERED/UNIQUEKEY/NONUNIQUEKEY) </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid74">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid75">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">BASED ON THE CLUSTER TYPE THE ARGUMENTS WILL VARY,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid76">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IN KSDS,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid77">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> FREESPACE(<cifrespac></cifrespac></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid78">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IN REPRO COMMAND,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid79">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IDS() ODS() COUNT() SKIP() </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid80">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FROMKEY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid81">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TOKEY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid82">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FROMADDRESS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid83">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TOADDRESS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid84">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FROMNUMBER</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid85">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TONUMBER</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid86">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">REUSE/REPLACE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid87">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid88">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">REPLACE - IT WILL REPLACE THE RECORDS IN ODS, MATCHING THE KEYS IN THE IDS. IN CASE OF ESDS, THE RECORDS ARE APPENDED.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid89">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">REUSE - SHOULD BE GIVEN IF REUSE IS SPECIFIED DURING CREATION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid90">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IN DEFINE AIX, </span><span class="author-g-pgo2dums6mh5nlt6">AIX-</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">NAME AND RELATE </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid91">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IN DEFINE PATH, </span><span class="author-g-pgo2dums6mh5nlt6">PATH-</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">NAME, PATHENTRY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid92">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">GIVE FILE NAME IN IDS() AND DDNAME IN INFILE()</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid93">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid94">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid95">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>UTILITY </i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>SORT</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid96">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>PURPOSE </i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: SORT AND COPY RECORDS (SORTIN, SORTOUT)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid97">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>OPERATIONS WE DO</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: SORT/COPY RECORDS BASED ON A CONDITION, DISPLAY SORTED RECORDS BASED ON A CONDITION</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid98">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid99">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">CH-CHARACTER</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid100">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">BI-BINARY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid101">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">PD-PACKED DECIMAL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid102">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FS-SIGNED NUMBERS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid103">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ZD-ZONED DECIMAL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid104">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid105">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b i"><b><i>USEFUL SYNTAX:</i></b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid106">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid107">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">INREC FIELDS=(TO:FROM,LENGT</span><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">H</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">, , ....)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid108">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SORT FIELDS=(STARTPOS,LENGTH,CH/BI/PD/FS/ZD,A/D)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid109">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SUM FIELDS=NONE -- is used to eliminate duplicates</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid110">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">SUM FIELDS=(STARTPOS,LENGTH,ZD)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid111">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SORT FIELDS=COPY -- to copy all the records</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid112">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SORT FIELDS=COPY,SKIPREC=100,STOPREC=5 -- to copy the records from 100 to 105</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid113">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SORT FIELDS=COPY -- to copy all the records</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid114">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid115">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">INCLUDE COND=(STARTPOS,LENGTH,TYPE,REL-OPER,VALUE)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid116">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">GIVE DD NAMES LIKE 'SORTIN01' 'SORTIN02' 'SORTIN03' ... AND 'SORTOUT'</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid117">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">MERGE FIELDS=(STARTPOS,LENGTH,TYPE,A/D)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid118">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid119">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>EXAMPLE</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid120">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid121">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid122">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SORT FIELDS=COPY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid123">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">INCLUDE COND=(34,2,CH,EQ,C'AB')</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid124">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid125">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid126">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>PROCEDURES IN JCL</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid127">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid128">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid129">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>INSTREAM PROCEDURE</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - THE PARAMETER "PROC" IN EXEC STATEMENT IS USED TO EXECUTE A PROCEDURE,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid130">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">USING THE NAME (THE PROCEDURE NAME IS MANDATORY).</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid131">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid132">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>CATLOGED PROCEDURE</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - THE CAT PROC SHOULD BE WRITTEN INSIDE A MEMBER OF PDS.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid133">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">THE PROC NAME IS OPTIONAL. </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid134">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid135">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">THE JCLLIB ORDER=... IS USED TO MENTION THE PRIVATE LIBRARY.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid136">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid137">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>TO OVER</b></span><span class="author-g-rk3hqmj7g9p6msn9 b"><b>W</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>RITE A PARAMETER WE USE </b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid138">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid139">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid140">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">PROCSTEPNAME.DDNAME DD STATEMENT (TRNS001P.DD1 DD DSN ...) &</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid141">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">PARAMETER-NAME.STEPNAME IN EXEC STATEMENT (COND.TRNS001)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid142">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">WHILE PASSING PARAMETER TO PROCEDURES GIVE .. WHILE CONCATENATING TWO PARAMETERS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid143">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid144">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>TO REFER BACK A PARAMETER</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid145">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid146">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid147">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">WE USE </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>*.STEPNAME.DDNAME</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ( ALWAYS IT WILL POINT THE DSN ALONE)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid148">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid149">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid150">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid151">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>UTILITY</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>IEBCOPY</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid152">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>PURPOSE</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: TO COPY ENTIRE OR PARTIAL PDS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid153">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm i"><i>OPERATIONS WE DO</i></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">: COPY ENTIRE/INCLUDE SOME/EXCLUDE SOME MEMBERS WHILE COPYING FROM PDS TO PDS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid154">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid155">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">WE CAN GIVE ANY IDENTIFIER IN THE DD STATEMENT HOWEVER WE SHOULD MENTION THAT</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid156">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">COPY OUTDD=OUTDDNAME</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid157">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INDD=INDDNAME</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid158">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">EXCLUDE MEMBER=(MEM1,MEM2)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid159">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid160">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid161">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid162">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>GENERATION DATA GROUP (GDG)</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid163">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid164">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid165">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">DEFINE GDG ( -</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid166">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> NAME(<gdg name="">) -</gdg></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid167">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> LIMIT() -</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid168">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMPTY/N</span><span class="author-g-pgo2dums6mh5nlt6">O</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">EMPTY -</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid169">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> SCRATCH/NOSCRATCH -</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid170">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> )</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid171">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid172">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SCRATCH - WE CAN'T RECOVER THE DELETED FILE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid173">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">EMPTY - ALL THE PREVIOUS VERSIONS ARE DELETED</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid174">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">N</span><span class="author-g-pgo2dums6mh5nlt6">O</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">EMPTY - ONLY THE OLDEST VERSION IS DELETED</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid175">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid176">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid177">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid178">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>NON VSAM DATASETS</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid179">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid180">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid181">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">PHYSICAL SEQUENTIAL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid182">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">INDEXED SEQUENTIAL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid183">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">DIRECT ACCESS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid184">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">PARTITONED DATASETS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid185">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid186">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>VSAM DATASETS</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid187">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid188">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid189">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">OPEN MODES: </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>INPUT, OUTPUT, I-O, EXTEND</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid190">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid191">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">I-O MODE IS FOR UPDATING, AND DELETING.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid192">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">OUTPUT MODE IS FOR WRITING (FOR THE FIRST TIME WHEN THE FILE IS EMPTY)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid193">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">INPUT MODE IS FOR READING</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid194">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">EXTEND MODE IS FOR APPENDING</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid195">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid196">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>KSDS</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - HAS INDEX AND DATA COMPONENTS, HAS FREE SPACE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid197">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> SEQUENCE, RANDOM AND DYNAMIC ACCESS MODES ARE POSSIBLE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid198">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - SIMILAR TO INDEXED SEQUENTIAL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid199">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid200">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>ESDS</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - HAS NO INDEX, RECORDS CANT BE DELETED, RECORDS ARE STORED SEQUENTIALLY AND RETRIEVED IN ORDER OF HOW IT IS STORED,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid201">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> RECORDS ARE IDENTIFIED BY RBA - RELATIVE BYTE ORDER, NO FREE SPACE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid202">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - SIMILAR TO PHYSICAL SEQUENTIAL </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid203">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid204">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid205">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>RRDS</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - RECORDS ARE ACCESSED USING RRN - RELATIVE RECORD NUMBER, VARIABLE RECORD LENGHT IS POSSIBLE ONLY IN RRDS.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid206">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - SIMILAR TO DIRECT ACCESS</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid207">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid208">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>LDS</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> - SEQUENCE OF BYTES</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid209">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid210">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">*****************************************</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid211">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid212">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>POINTS TO REMEMBER</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid213">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid214">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid215">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE SHOULD NOT USE 'EXTEND' OPEN MODE IN 'RANDOM' ACCESS MODE. (APPENDING MAY NOT BE POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF KEY VIOLATION) </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid216">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid217">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># INPUT OR I-O(FOR UPDATING/DELETING) SHOULD BE USED FOR FETCHING RECORDS IN RANDOM/DYNAMIC MODE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid218">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid219">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WHILE DELETING TRY TO LOCATE THE RECORD USING 'READ' AND THEN DO A 'DELETE'</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid220">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid221">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># A MAXIMUM OF 255 GDG VERSIONS CAN BE CREATED</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid222">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid223">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># A MAXIMUM OF 255 STEPS CAN BE PLACED AFTER A JOB CARD IN A SINGLE JCL FILE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid224">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid225">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">#
If a new generation is created using (+1) in the fist step and we are
accessing the generation in consecutive steps we should use (+1)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid226">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid227">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>VERIFY</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> command is used to perform two functions</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid228">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">a) Close files that are open after abnormal termination</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid229">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">b) Syncs the index and data components of VSAM fiels</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid230">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid231">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># For copying records to a KSDS from a PS through COBOL, the records should be in sorted order.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid232">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid233">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">#
To continue the input in more than one line in 'PARM' parameter we have
to give any character from A to Z in column 72 and in the next line we
have to start from 16th column</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid234">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid235">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid236">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid237">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid238">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>COBOL </b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid239">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid240">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid241">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid242">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">CONFIGURATION SECTION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid243">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SOURCE-COMPUTER. </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid244">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">OBJECT-COMPUTER.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid245">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid246">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FILE-CONTROL.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid247">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> SELECT FILENAME ASSIGN TO DDNAME ('AS' FOR ESDS CLUSTER TO DIFFERENTIATE FROM PS FILE)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid248">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL/INDEXED/RELATIVE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid249">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ACCESS MODE IS SEQUENTIAL/RANDOM/DYNAMIC</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid250">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> [ RECORD KEY IS FS-KEY-VARIABLE ]</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid251">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> FILE STATUS IS ....</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid252">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">DATA DIVISION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid253">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FILE SECTION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid254">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FD FILENAME.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid255">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">01 GROUPNAME.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid256">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid257">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">LINKAGE SECTION. </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid258">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">PROCEDURE DIVISION.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid259">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid260">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>REDEFINES CLAUSE</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid261">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid262">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid263">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE CAN REDEFINE A SINGLE VARIABLE OR A GROUP VARIABLE.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid264">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># THE REDEFINES HAS TO COME NEXT AFTER THE REDEFINING VARIABLE.(ie, IN THE SAME LEVEL NUMBER)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid265">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid266">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>RENAMES CLAUSE</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid267">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid268">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid269">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE CAN'T USE 01 LEVEL VARIABLES IN LEVEL 66 RENAMES CLAUSE.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid270">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE DON'T NEED TO USE 'OF' KEYWORD IN LEVEL 88 CONDITION VARIABLES ( FOR LEVELS 02-49 </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid271">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> WE NEED TO SPECIFY 'OF' KEYWORD)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid272">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE CAN RENAME A SINGLE VARIABLE AS WELL AS TWO OR MORE VARIABLES</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid273">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid274">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>LENGTH FUNCTION</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid275">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid276">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid277">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO FIND THE LENGTH OF A STRING USE,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid278">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">COMPUTE WS-LENGTH = FUNCTION LENGTH(WS-STRVAR)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid279">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid280">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>LOWER CASE FUNCTION</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid281">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid282">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid283">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">DISPLAY FUNCTION LOWER-CASE(<ws-var>)</ws-var></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid284">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid285">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>STRING VERB</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid286">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid287">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid288">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">STRING <ws-var1> <ws-var2> <ws-var3></ws-var3></ws-var2></ws-var1></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid289">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> DELIMITED BY '1'</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid290">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INTO <ws-var></ws-var></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid291">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> NOT ON OVERFLOW </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid292">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> <statements></statements></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid293">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ON OVERFLOW</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid294">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> <statements></statements></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid295">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">END-STRING</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid296">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid297">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>EXAMINE</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid298">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">+++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid299">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Examine is used in older versions of COBOL-I</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid300">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid301">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>Syntax:</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid302">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">+++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid303">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid304">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">EXAMINE <identifier> TALLYING <counter> ALL / UNTIL FIRST / LEADING <literal1></literal1></counter></identifier></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid305">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid306">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>INSPECT</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid307">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid308">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid309">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IT HAS 3 USES</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid310">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">1) </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>FINDING THE NUMBER OF OCCURRENCE OF A CHARACTER</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid311">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid312">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO COUNT THE OCCURRENCE OF A STRING EXACTLY ON A SOURCE STRING USE,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid313">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> TALLYING <count-var> FOR ALL <search-str></search-str></count-var></in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid314">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO COUNT THE NUMBER OF CHARACTERS BEFORE A SEARCH STRING,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid315">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> TALLYING <count-var> FOR CHARACTERS BEFORE INITIAL <search-str> </search-str></count-var></in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid316">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO COUNT THE OCCURRENCE OF A STRING AFTER SOME INITIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANOTHER STRING, </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid317">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> TALLYING <count-var> FOR ALL <search-str> AFTER INITIAL <in-str></in-str></search-str></count-var></in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid318">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO COUNT THE LEADING OCCURRENCE OF A CHARACTER IN A STRING,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid319">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> TALLYING <count-var> FOR LEADING <in-str></in-str></count-var></in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid320">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid321">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">2) </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>REPLACING ONE CHAR WITH ANOTHER</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid322">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">TO REPLACE A CHARACTER WITH ANOTHER CHARACTER, (THE LENGTH SHOULD BE SAME OTHERWISE IT WILL THROW A COMPILATION ERROR)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid323">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid324">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> REPLACING ALL '<str-to-replace>' BY '<repl-str>' </repl-str></str-to-replace></in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid325">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid326">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">3) </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>CONVERTING ONE SEQUENCE WITH ANOTHER</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid327">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> CONVERTING '<str-to-replace>' TO '<repl-str>' </repl-str></str-to-replace></in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid328">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">THE TWO STATEMENTS ARE EQUAL,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid329">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> CONVERTING 'AB' TO '12'</in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid330">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> INSPECT <in-str> REPLACING ALL 'A' BY '1'</in-str></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid331">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ALL 'B' BY '2' </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid332">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>NOTE:</b></span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> FOR REPLACING 'ALL' SHOULD COME BUT FOR CONVERTING 'ALL' IS NOT NEEDED</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid333">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid334">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">===========================================================================</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid335">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid336">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>SORT UTILITY IN COBOL</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid337">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid339">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">GIVE SD INSTEAD OF FD.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid340">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">USE TEMPORARY DATASET FOR WORKFILE (&&TEMP)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid341">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SORT <workfile> ON ASCENDING KEY <keyname of="" workfile=""> USING <inputfile> GIVING <outputfile></outputfile></inputfile></keyname></workfile></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid342">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SIMILARLY, WE CAN GIVE 'MERGE' INSTEAD OF 'SORT'</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid343">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid344">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid345">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>TABLE HANDLING</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid346">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid348">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE CAN'T DEFINE 'OCCURS' CLAUSE IN LEVEL 01,66,77,88</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid349">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE SHOULD DECLARE 'INDEXED BY' CLAUSE FOR EACH 'OCCURS' CLAUSE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid350">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WE SHOULD USE THE INNERMOST VARIABLE NAME FOR ACCESSING ARRAY ELEMENTS, GROUP NAME SHOULD NOT BE USED.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid351">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"># WHILE MOVING VALUE FROM AN INDEX VARIABLE TO A WORKING STORAGE VARIABLE USE 'SET' STATEMENT INSTEAD OF 'MOVE'</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid352">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid353">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>SEARCH VERB</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid354">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid355">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid356">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">FIRST INIT THE INDEX</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid357">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SEARCH <tab-group-name></tab-group-name></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid358">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> AT END <statement></statement></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid359">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> WHEN <condition></condition></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid360">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ....</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid361">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">END-SEARCH</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid362">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid363">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>SEARCH ALL VERB</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid364">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid365">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid366">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">IN THE 'OCCURS' CLAUSE STATEMNT GIVE 'ASCENDING/DESCENDING KEY IS ' PHRASE WITH KEY FOR THE TABLE.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid367">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid368">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SEARCH ALL <tab-group-name> </tab-group-name></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid369">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> AT END <statement></statement></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid370">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> WHEN <condition></condition></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid371">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ....</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid372">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">END-SEARCH</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid373">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid374">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>USING SUB-PROGRAMS</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="" id="magicdomid377">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">Transfers control from one object module </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid378">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid379">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid381">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>FILE STATUS CODE</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid382">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid384">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">00 - SUCCESS</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid385">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">10 - END OF FILE</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid386">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">22</span><span class="author-g-rk3hqmj7g9p6msn9"> </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">- DUPLICATE KEY FOUND</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid387">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">23 - RECORD NOT FOUND</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid388">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">37 - OPEN MODE ERROR</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid389">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">39 - ATTRIB MISMATCH ERROR DURING OPEN</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid390">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">47 - WRONG READ MODE</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid391">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">48 - WRONG WRITE MODE</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid392">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">49 - WRONG DELETE OR REWRITE MODE</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid393">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid394">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm b"><b>ERROR CODE EXPLANATION</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid396">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid397">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid398">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ERROR CODE | DESCRIPTION |</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid399">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid400">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SX37 </span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">| </span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">RELATED TO SPACE ALLOCATION PROBLEM. CHECK ENOUGHSPACE IS </span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">AVA</span><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ILABLE OR NOT</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid401">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid402">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">S000 U4038 | GIVE STOP RUN IN THE PROGRAM TO PROPERLY TERMINATE IT </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid403">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid404">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid405">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Try to find the answer for these questions</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid406">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid407">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid408">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">How to store the similar records to a separate file using SORT utility?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid409">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid410">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">To delete a member inside a PDS use IEBCOPY with Scratch option.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid411">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid412">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>Compiler Option</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid413">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>+++++++++++++++</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid414">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid415">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">DYNAM - Dynamic linking</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid416">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">NODYNAM - Static linking</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid417">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">SSRANGE - It will make the program to abend if arrary overflow occurs.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid418">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">NOSSRANGE
- It will not make the program to abend, we can access outside the
memory we have allocated for the program. If we really want to do
efficient program we should use, </span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>SSRANGE</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid419">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid420">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid421">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">FAQs</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid422">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid423">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid424">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>TIOT</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6"> - Task Input Output Table</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid425">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>DFSMS</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6"> - Data Facility Storage Management Subsystem </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid426">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>HURBA</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> - High Used Relative Byte Address</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid427">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid428">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">JCL statement is coded in 80 byte records.</span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">
The first 71 columns are used for coding the JCL and we give a blank
space in the 72nd column and the last 8 columns contains the sequence
number.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid430">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Maximum primary key length in ksds,AIX is 255</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid432">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">The terminal we are using is 3278, total no of PF keys 24, </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid434">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">The
Share Option in VSAM file is specified for cross-region(within one
computer) and cross-system(between two or more computers). The default
is (1,3). The cross-system won't also 1 or 2.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid436">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">1 - Total integrity, 2 - Write but no Read integrity</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid437">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">3 - No Integrity, 4 - same as option 3 but refreshes buffer after every read.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid439">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">The functions of IDCAMS utility are</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid440">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b> Creating VSAM objects</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">, </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid441">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>Alter Dataset attributes</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">, </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid442">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>Delete VSAM objects</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid443">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b> Loading/Unloading</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">(Import/Export), </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid444">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>Print Datasets</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">, </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid445">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>List catalog</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6"> information and </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid446">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6 b"><b>Copying</b></span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6"> (REPRO)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid447">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid448">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">The
Export/Import done using IDCAMS differs from typical REPRO command
since it backups the catalog information also. PERMANENT, INHIBITSOURCE,
INHIBITTARGET, PURGE, ERASE(inserts binary zeros before deletion).
During Import if the catalog has no information it creates new cluster
by the name. If it </span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">is </span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">present in the catalog then</span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">.................</span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid450">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">The PRINT command prints both VSAM and non-VSAM datasets.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid452">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">The LISTCAT is used to list contents of a master or user catalogs.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid454">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">A maximum of 3273 DD statements can be placed inside a job step.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid456">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">Max no of </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">CONCATENATED</span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb"> sequential dataset is </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">255</span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb"> and for PDS it is 16</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid458">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">Concatenation has meaning only for sequential processing - true</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid460">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">In VSAM the Minimum size of one CA is one Track and the maximum size is 15 or 16 (when stripped)</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid462">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">If two jobs have same job class and priority, they will be executed as if they are submitted - True (I have done this)</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid464">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">Accounting information max size : 142</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid466">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">Formatted Dump of the process program and system control blocks: SYSABEND</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid468">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">Step will always be executed within or not a preceding step abnormally terminates</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6"> </span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">when coded as COND=EVEN</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid471">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">R</span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">egion specifes the largest amount of main memory for any job step within a job.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid473">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">REGION = </span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">0K </span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">/</span><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb"> 0M means all available space allocated to the job.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid475">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">jOB or STEP ha</span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">s</span><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6"> unlimited amount of time if TIME=1440</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid477">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">For variable length, un-blocked records logical record-length equals to BLOCKSIZE - False</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid479">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">IDCAMS is used to create a GDG.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid481">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">In GDG same JCL code can be used to process every cycle with a single application - True</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid483">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-k5yz122zjr9winlf4ejb">DFSORT is used for sorting and merging records</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid485">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">We
can't give Exit Program in main program since it wont give control back
to system. The Stop Run statement terminates the program (closes all
the opened files and performs some cleaning activity) and gives control
back to OS.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid487">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">Maximum
record size of non-spanned control interval size is 32761 and the
maximum data component control interval size is 32768 (32761+7).</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid489">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">If
the record size is greater than CISZ we have to use 'SPANNED' option
and the maximum record size is MAXRECL = CI/CA * (CISZ - 10)</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid491">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">The
Edited Picture clause 'P' (Numeric Place Holder) is used to change the
precision. Ex 9PP can hold values like 1, 100 to 199 however when we
print the variable only the most significant digit will be shown.
Similarly, they can be used to tell the precision of decimal digits.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid493">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">The ',' is used to print comma after the numeric digits. We can give the comma in normal pic clause variable.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid495">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">If
the value stored in a numeric variable (PIC 9(3)CR.) is negative, it
will show the CR after the end otherwise blank is displayed.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid497">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-mz122z3mvx65ptikpok6">The '*' is used to display '*' in the leading zero positions only. </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid499">
<ul class="list-bullet2">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">If
we try to access a table/array element like arr[0] during compilation
the cobol compiler will find that as error. However, if we give a index 0
at run-time, the program will work without any abend. I don't know how
this is working. </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid502">
<div class="" id="magicdomid2">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">DB2 SQL Commands</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid3">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid4">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid5">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">For Creating DB refer this link </span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 url"><a href="http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9r7/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.db2.luw.admin.cmd.doc%2Fdoc%2Fr0001941.html">http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9r7/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.db2.luw.admin.cmd.doc%2Fdoc%2Fr0001941.html</a></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid6">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid7">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Create table</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid8">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid9">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid10">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">CREATE TABLE TB_EMPLOYEE( </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid11">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMPID VARCHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid12">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMPNAME CHAR(20), </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid13">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMPSALARY NUMERIC(7,2) </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid14">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ) IN DBCHN01.TSCEP01; </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid15">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid16">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> Create Index</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid17">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> +++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid18">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX EMPID_IDX ON TB_EMPLOYEE(EMPID);</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid19">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid20">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Create Table without primary key then alter the table </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid21">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid22">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">CREATE TABLE TB_EMPLOYEE( </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid23">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMP_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid24">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMP_NAME CHAR(10) NOT NULL,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid25">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMP_DESIGNATION CHAR(5) NOT NULL,</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid26">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMP_DEPT CHAR(3) NOT NULL </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid27">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ) IN DBTCHN01.TSCEP02; </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid28">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IN_TB_EMPLOYEE </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid29">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ON TB_EMPLOYEE(EMP_ID); </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid30">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ALTER TABLE TB_EMPLOYEE </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid31">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ADD PRIMARY KEY (EMP_ID); </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid32">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid33">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Note:</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid34">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid35">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> The PRIMARY Key field should be given NOT NULL otherwise it will not accept the alter command.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid36">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid37">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> Unique Key</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid38">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">+++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid39">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>CREATE UNIQUE INDEX </b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"><indexname> </indexname></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>ON</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> <tablename> (<col-name>)</col-name></tablename></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid40">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid41">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">The pre-requisites for the above statement is </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid42">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">1) The table can have only one NULL value</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid43">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">2) It should be unique with no duplicate values</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid44">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid45">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">'NULL' is also considered as a value here.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid46">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid47">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid48">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Add a new field to an existing table</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid49">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid50">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid51">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ALTER TABLE TB_EMPLOYEE ADD </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid52">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMPADDR VARCHAR(50); </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid53">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid54">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">Using ALTER TABLE we can do the following</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid56">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">Add New Column</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid57">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">Add/Drop constraints</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid58">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">Increase the length of a column</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid60">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">However, we cant rename a column name</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid61">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid62">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid63">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Add Foriegn Key</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid64">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid65">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid66">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">CREATE TABLE TB_WAH( </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid67">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> EMPID VARCHAR(10) REFERENCES TB_EMPLOYEE(EMPID),</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid68">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> POINTS INTEGER </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid69">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> ) IN DBCHN01.TSCEP01; </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid70">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid71">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">ALTER TABLE TB_WAH ADD </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid72">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm"> AWARDED_ON DATE;</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid73">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid74">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Using GROUP BY</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid75">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid76">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid77">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SELECT MAX(EMPSALARY), EMPADDR FROM TB_EMPLOYEE GROUP BY EMPADDR;</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid78">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid79">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">Select Timestamp</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid80">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">+++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid81">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid82">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-b23qocxrqrjlfihm">SELECT CURRENT TIMESTAMP FROM SYSIBM.SYSDUMMY1;</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid83">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid84">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">CREATE TABLE TB_COURSE_REG( </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid85">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">SCORE DECIMAL(5,2) CHECK (SCORE BETWEEN 60 AND 99),</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid86">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> AGE SMALLINT CHECK (AGE IN (18,19,20)), </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid87">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">GENDER CHAR(1) CHECK (GENDER IN ('M','F')) </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid88">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> ) IN DBTCHN01.TSCEP02; </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid89">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid90">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">Static SQL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid91">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid92">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid94">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">Using Cursor to select, update, delete multiple records</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="" id="magicdomid97">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">Declaring a Cursor for select query</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid98">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">+++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid99">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid100">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">EXEC SQL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid101">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> DECLARE</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid102">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> <cursor-name></cursor-name></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid103">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> CURSOR</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid104">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> [WITH HOLD]</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid105">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> FOR</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid106">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> <select statement=""></select></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid107">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> [FOR UPDATE OF]</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid108">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> <column names=""></column></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid109">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">END-EXEC</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid110">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid111">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">Opening a Cursor</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid112">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid113">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid114">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">EXEC SQL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid115">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> OPEN <cursor-name></cursor-name></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid116">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">END-EXEC</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid117">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid118">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">Fetch a Cursor</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid119">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">+++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid120">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid121">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">EXEC SQL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid122">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> FETCH <cursor-name></cursor-name></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid123">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> INTO</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid124">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> <host-variable-list></host-variable-list></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid125">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">END-EXEC</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid126">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid127">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid128">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">Closing a Cursor</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid129">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid130">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid131">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">EXEC SQL</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid132">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf"> OPEN <cursor-name></cursor-name></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid133">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-hkp00dvohc3muz122zdf">END-EXEC</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid134">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid135">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>Procedures in DB2</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid136">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">+++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid137">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid138">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>CREATE PROCEDURE</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> proc1 </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid139">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> (</span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>IN</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> var1 VARCHAR(10), </span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>OUT</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> rc INTEGER) </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid140">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> </span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>SPECIFIC</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> myproc </span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>LANGUAGE SQL</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid141">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid142">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">To call the above procedure from the CLP (Command Language Processor) we have to use </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid143">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid144">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>CALL</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> PROC1('ATHIRUBAN', ?)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid145">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid146">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>Isolation Level</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid147">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid148">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid149">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">Repeatable
Read - Other transactions has to wait for the lock release acquired by
the current transaction for all the rows it refers. </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid150">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> Terminated by either COMMIT/ROLLBACK</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid151">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">Read
Stability - If some 1000 records are referred and 100 rows are
processed, locks are held only for the 100 rows and other transaction
can add/iinsert new rows.</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid152">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">Cursor
Stability - If some 1000 records are referred and 100 rows are
processed, lock is held by the current row pointed by the cursor. </span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid153">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> This is useful for running concurrent transaction</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid154">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">Uncommitted read - No locks are acquired</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid155">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid156">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>Security</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid157">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid158">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid159">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">We can restrict the user to update on a single column alone using the following statement</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid160">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid161">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>GRANT UPDATE (<field-name>) ON TABLE <table-name> TO <user-name></user-name></table-name></field-name></b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid162">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid163">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">To give user the permission to drop an index, use the following statement</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid164">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid165">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>GRANT CONTROL ON INDEX <index-name> TO <user-name></user-name></index-name></b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid166">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid167">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">There is a difference between the following two statements</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid168">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid169">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON <table-name> TO PUBLIC/<user-name> (except CONTROL)</user-name></table-name></b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid170">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid171">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>GRANT CONTROL ON <table-name> TO <user-name> (includes all)</user-name></table-name></b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid172">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid173">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">The specific use of CONTROL allows the user to </span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>drop a table and also revoke a privilege</b></span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> from others + the normal privileges</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid174">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid175">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">The
person who creates a table automatically receives the CONTROL
privilege, only the DB/SYS Admin can give the CONTROL privilege to other
users</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid176">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid177">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9 b"><b>Pre-compilation and bind process</b></span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid178">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">+++++++++++++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid179">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid180">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">The DCLGEN is used to check the SQL statements</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid181">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">The embedded SQL statements in COBOL are stripped and put into DBRM</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid182">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">The SQL code in COBOL is converted into COBOL equivalent calls</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid183">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">During
BIND, the DBRM is converted into PLAN after checking the SQL in DBRM
with SYSCATLG and optiimization (this needs a BIND authority)</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid184">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">If we have more than one programs we have to use PACKAGE</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid185">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid186">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>IRLM</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> - Inter System Resource Lock Manager - controls locking process in DB2</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid187">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid188">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Types of table Space</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid189">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">++++++++++++++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid190">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>Simple Table Space</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> (rows are stored in not a sequence order)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid191">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>Segmented Table Space</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> (pages are grouped in segments)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid192">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>Partitioned Table Space</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> (pages are grouped in partitions)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid193">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid194">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Maximum no of tables that can be joined ?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid195">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Collections in DB2 - name for a set of logically related packages ?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid196">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Secondary key in RI ?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid197">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Grant command in SQL - refer</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid198">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Subquery operator compares a single value to every member of set of value - Any ?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid199">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Explain
purpose in DB2 - allows the user to obtain information regarding the
optimizer's choice of access strategy for a given sql statements ?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid200">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Stored procedure is stored in which location?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid201">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">SYSADM ?</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid202">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">SYSCAT.PACKAGES</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid203">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">What is BINDADD, CREATE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE? (They are database privileges)</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid204">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid205">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">FAQs</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid206">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">++++</span></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid207">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid208">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">All plans are stored in </span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>SYSIBM</b></span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55"> db2 directory </span><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55 b"><b>SYSPL</b></span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid210">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">GroupBy doesn't do any sorting</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid212">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Maximum no of tables that can be joined is 15 tables</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid214">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">SQL Code -922 Authorization failure</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid216">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Storage group is a db2 object</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid218">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Storage group is a set of volume on DASD.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid220">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Maximum no of volumes per storage group is 133</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid222">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">In DB2, data is physically stored in VSAM LDS</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid224">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Different modes of locking ? - shared, exclusive and update</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid226">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">Every SQL statement is not always executable</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid228">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">We can use MAX on CHAR type</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid230">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">PACKAGE is a single bound DBRM with optimized access path</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid232">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-s7wlis9lywoixd55">SUM returns NULL and COUNT, MAX returns zero</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid234">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">DBRM - Database Request Module</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid236">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">UNION operator eliminates the duplicate rows</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid238">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">If we try to SELECT from two tables, the result will contain a cartesian product of the two tables.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid240">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">If a CURSOR is declared with the WITH HOLD option it is not closed by an explicit COMMIT statement.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid242">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">A sub-query doesn't return NULL value</span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9"> (present in the table)</span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> </span><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">to</span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> the result set</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid244">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">A VIEW created with a CHECK OPTION, is used ensure the inserted rows conforms with the defnition</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid246">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">The NULL values are displayed as a '-' in DB2 and 'NULL' in MySQL</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid248">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">It is possible to access data using VIEW, ALIAS or SYNONYM from a source table</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid250">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">After a failure, the DB Manager tries to rollback the transaction (that are not yet committed) after a restart </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid252">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">SELECT * FROM tab1 </span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>FETCH FIRST</b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1"> 50 </span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1 b"><b>ROWS ONLY - </b></span><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">is the syntax to fetch n rows from a table regardless of how many rows present in the table</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid254">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">The wildcard '%' stands for any alphanumeric character and '_' stands for a single alphanumeric character</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid256">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">FULL OUTER JOIN combines INNER JOIN, RIGHT OUTER JOIN AND LEFT OUTER JOIN</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid258">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-z122z0je1g4t1pj8nuh1">LCASE('string') / LOWER('string') - is for converting string to lower-case form</span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid260">
<ul class="list-bullet1">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="author-g-gwh20ca5m35an9k9">USE is a tablespace privilege </span></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid502">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">References:</span></u></span></div>
<div class="" id="magicdomid502">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><a href="http://sync.in/XyzlXB2vmQ">http://sync.in/XyzlXB2vmQ</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">For DB2, <a href="http://sync.in/85O1ZHHkwu">http://sync.in/85O1ZHHkwu</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-50562270527109004882013-02-12T19:59:00.003+05:302015-05-06T12:24:14.535+05:30A Simple version of Grep with two meta-characters * and ?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<pre class="brush:c">int search(char *source, char *pattern){
int result = 0;
while(*pattern != '\0'){
if(*pattern == '*'){
if(*(pattern+1) == '\0'){
pattern++;
}
else{
while((*source !='\0') && (*source != *(pattern+1))) source++;
if(*source == '\0'){
result = 1;
break;
}
else pattern++;
}
}
else if(*pattern == '?'){
moveNext(&source, &pattern);
}
else if ((*pattern >= 'A' && *pattern <= 'Z') ||
(*pattern >= 'a' && *pattern <= 'z')) {
if (*source == *pattern){
moveNext(&source, &pattern);
}
else{
result = 1;
break;
}
}
}
return result;
}
void moveNext(char **s,char **p){
(*s)++;
(*p)++;
}
int main()
{
char *source;
char *pattern;
source = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char)*200);
pattern = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char)*200);
printf("\tGrep Implementation (allowed operators are *, ?\n");
printf("\n\tEnter a Source String : ");
scanf("%s",source);
printf("\n\tEnter a pattern to Search : ");
scanf("%s",pattern);
if (search(source, pattern) == 0)
printf("\n\tString found\n");
else
printf("\n\tNot Found\n");
return 0;
}
</pre>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-48734237390964395522012-11-09T21:29:00.000+05:302013-02-10T13:43:37.970+05:30Getting the Big picture<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
I am happy to share a nice story told by a senior people in our company.<br />
<br />
The story starts like this, a curious journalist wandering along the roadside. He saw some people working in a construction site. He went to some people and asked a question.<br />
<br />
The question is "What you are working at?"<br />
<br />
First person said that he was laying bricks.<br />
<br />
Second one said that he was constructing a wall.<br />
<br />
Third one said "I am building my nation".<br />
<br />
The journalist wondered and asked him to explain. The worker said, "We are constructing a bridge and using the bridge the two ends will get better connectivity thereby commerce will improve and finally my nation's economic growth will increase."<br />
<br />
Among the three workers the third one gave a big picture (goal) of what he is doing.<br />
<br />
Similarly we should be aware of "What we are really doing?".</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-83403017901805193252012-07-22T23:08:00.000+05:302015-10-23T18:06:28.875+05:30Simple AJAX demo<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span class="GingerNoCheckStart"></span><span class="GingerNoCheckStart"></span>In this article, I would like to give a quick demo of how to code a basic AJAX function.</span><br />
<br />
<pre class="brush:javascript">function ajaxfunction(arguments_if_any){
if (typeof XMLHttpRequest != "undefined"){
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
else if (window.ActiveXObject){
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
if (xmlHttp == null){
alert ("Browser does not support XMLHTTP Request");
return false;
}
var url;
url = "/application-name/any-serverside-program";
url += "?name="+value;
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = callback-function-name;
xmlHttp.open("GET", url, true);
xmlHttp.send(null);
return true;
}
function callback-function-name(){
if (xmlHttp.readyState==4 || xmlHttp.readyState=="complete"){
/* Stuff to do */
document.getElementById('id').innerHTML = xmlHttp.responseText;
}
}
</pre>
<br />
<u>Explanation
</u><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white;">First the function '</span><span class="GRcorrect" grphrase="f64acb015395effa8e0e8455ac92be15e78d3222" grtype="null" id="GRmark_f64acb015395effa8e0e8455ac92be15e78d3222_ajaxfunction:0" style="background-color: white;">ajaxfunction</span><span style="background-color: white;">' is called during a particular event like clicking a </span><span class="GRcorrect" grphrase="f64acb015395effa8e0e8455ac92be15e78d3222" grtype="null" id="GRmark_f64acb015395effa8e0e8455ac92be15e78d3222_div:1" style="background-color: white;">div</span><span style="background-color: white;"> tag or others.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">It checks whether the browser is able to send and receive </span><span class="GRcorrect" grphrase="6c3bd4755ebfdeb7e2fde15ad0e3627a3bfd08af" grtype="null" id="GRmark_6c3bd4755ebfdeb7e2fde15ad0e3627a3bfd08af_a:0" style="background-color: white;">a</span><span style="background-color: white;"> XMLHttpRequest object through which asynchronous request and response is achieved</span><span style="background-color: white;">.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">If the support is available, an asynchronous request is made to a server side script (</span><span class="GRcorrect" grphrase="dbe37951b2c8a424b3224801e1f5f55703a9d1f0" grtype="null" id="GRmark_dbe37951b2c8a424b3224801e1f5f55703a9d1f0_php:0" style="background-color: white;">php</span><span style="background-color: white;">/JSP) and once the response is received a '</span><span class="GRcorrect" grphrase="dbe37951b2c8a424b3224801e1f5f55703a9d1f0" grtype="null" id="GRmark_dbe37951b2c8a424b3224801e1f5f55703a9d1f0_callbackfunction:1" style="background-color: white;">callbackfunction'</span><span style="background-color: white;"> is executed.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">The third parameter in the open() method, in this case true implies that async is turned ON.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">The send() method is useful if we are using POST method - we can send large information using it. Example:- <span class="GRspelling">xmlHttp</span>.send("fname=Athi&lname=Ruban");</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">To assign a stream of HTML from a server output to a </span><span class="GRcorrect" grphrase="799ac088f685b96280a7582db298eb4245d8d57f" grtype="null" id="GRmark_799ac088f685b96280a7582db298eb4245d8d57f_div:0" style="background-color: white;">div</span><span style="background-color: white;"> tag we use InnerHtml property.</span></li>
</ol>
<span class="GingerNoCheckEnd"></span><span class="GingerNoCheckEnd"></span><span class="GingerNoCheckEnd"></span><span class="GingerNoCheckEnd"></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-1505707060556486432012-01-23T18:07:00.000+05:302012-07-04T00:19:09.580+05:30Add comments using VIM editor<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: comic sans ms,sans-serif;"><span style="color: red;">Very Useful VIM</span> editor <span style="color: #993300;">trick</span> ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,</span><br /><br /><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: comic sans ms,sans-serif;"><br /><span style="color: #134f5c; font-style: italic;">To add comments easily to any code</span></span><br /><br /><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: comic sans ms,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0c343d;">First Press</span> <span style="color: #6633ff;">Ctrl+v to start the visual mode</span> <span style="color: #0c343d;">from a particular location then select the needed characters using arrow button</span></span><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: comic sans ms,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0c343d;">Second</span> <span style="color: #333300;">Press I to enter into a special insert mode</span> <span style="color: #0c343d;">to input characters like '//' and</span> <span style="color: #cc33cc;">Press Esc</span>. </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: comic sans ms,sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #0c343d;">Now the inserted character will appear in all the selected lines.</span><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><span style="color: #0c343d;">To remove this first character again select the needed characters and Press 'd' to remove it.</span><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><span style="color: #0c343d;">Another form to add words</span> <span style="color: #00cccc;">at the end of each selected lines</span> <span style="color: #00cccc;">Press 'A' append, then add words</span> <span style="color: #0c343d;">and press Esc</span><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><br style="color: #0c343d;" /><span style="color: #0c343d;">If we</span> <span style="color: #009900;">press $ the whole line</span> <span style="color: #274e13;">will be selected.</span><br style="color: #274e13;" /><br style="color: #274e13;" /><span style="color: #274e13;">Some more short-cut keys in command mode(Press Esc).</span><br style="color: #274e13;" /><span style="color: #ffcc66;">yy</span><span style="color: #274e13;"> - copy</span><br style="color: #274e13;" /><span style="color: #ffcc00;">p</span><span style="color: #274e13;"> - paste</span><br style="color: #274e13;" /><span style="color: #ffcc33;">d</span><span style="color: #274e13;"> - to cut</span><span class="HOEnZb"><span style="color: #888888;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-38301971926827402792012-01-06T16:53:00.000+05:302012-04-11T13:07:57.346+05:30GUI Testing using UISpec4J api<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
I would like to share some information regarding how to use UISpec4J for GUI Testing. This post will be edited with more information as soon as I gain experience in that.<br />
<br />
First we have to create a <span style="color: #999900;">setup method </span>like this inside the subclass we extended from UISpecTestCase<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush:java">protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
UISpec4J.setWindowInterceptionTimeLimit(TIMELIMITININT);
setAdapter(new MainClassAdapter(YOURMAINCLASS.class));
Window window = getMainWindow();
// Get references to UI elements
}
</pre>
<br />
<ol>
</ol>
While getting references to other elements, we have to make sure that it is easily accessible to UISpec4J. For that developers, should use <span style="color: #993399; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">setName()</span> method for the UI elements like button, text box, panel, etc .......<br />
<br />
If the element is not directly accessible (ie. nested inside many panels). We have to use the <span style="color: #ff6666; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">panel1 = window.getPanel("PANELNAME")</span> method to get a reference.<br />
<br />
So using the <span style="font-weight: bold;">panel2 = panel1.getPanel("PANELNAME")</span> method we can easily<br />
go to the particular panel in the application window.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: #cc0000; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Note :- Before making assertions we have to call the UISpec4J.setAssertionTimeLimit(int ms) to give a delay before starting the assertion.</span><br />
<br />
To intercept a modal dialog box, we have to use like this,<br />
<pre class="brush:java">
UISpec4J.setWindowInterceptionTimeLimit(12000);<br />
WindowInterceptor<br />
.init(ANY TRIGGER EVENT)<br />
.process(new WindowHandler("Main Window") {<br />
public Trigger process(Window window) {<br />
// Now you can use the window to access the elements in the modal dialog box <br />
return window.getButton("OK").triggerClick();<br />
<br />
}<br />
})<br />
.run();<br />
</pre>
If anything wrong, inform me. :)</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-21226504715238937982011-06-27T23:23:00.000+05:302011-06-27T23:46:53.797+05:30Grade Calculator<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzgtAhyuIJuH0xwrD1-zoe0TqLnxbGE97Qsun2l_znuPtwf4NP3cHo3qAECQETxo36NkeFhGDJBy-L6svlRFk69LjVnT8_paXQe2bKKH2eSp7B8lTXI9fN6_VFSUi9rovEc0S-mVp894Q/s1600/gc.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 296px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzgtAhyuIJuH0xwrD1-zoe0TqLnxbGE97Qsun2l_znuPtwf4NP3cHo3qAECQETxo36NkeFhGDJBy-L6svlRFk69LjVnT8_paXQe2bKKH2eSp7B8lTXI9fN6_VFSUi9rovEc0S-mVp894Q/s320/gc.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5622961825111734338" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Recently I had a thought to store my grades in a file. I think it is not appropriate so I designed a very simple application in java using serialization technique in Net Beans editor. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Hope it will be useful to everyone who wish to store and know their CGPA .</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><i>Download link</i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><i><br /></i></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/15493591/GradeCalculator.jar.html">http://www.ziddu.com/download/15493591/GradeCalculator.jar.html</a></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Note:</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Store the jar file in a separate folder, because it stores a data file once you store information.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Also don't delete the .temp file it is needed for further loading your information.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-63148101505202343692011-05-26T19:38:00.000+05:302011-05-26T19:41:10.182+05:30Trie data structure<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">I worked in <span class="Apple-style-span" >trie data structure</span> and completed insertion and display of words.......</span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">This is the link to initial version </span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://www.ziddu.com/download/15127468/trieimplementationincversion1.rar.html</span></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-80448086415364612752011-05-19T16:33:00.000+05:302011-05-21T13:45:26.657+05:30Simple expression evaluator<div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">#ifndef MYSTACK_H</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">#define MYSTACK_H</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">#define STACK_SIZE 50</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// stack datastructure</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">typedef struct stack</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char data[STACK_SIZE];</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int top;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">} STACK;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">typedef struct istack</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float data[STACK_SIZE];</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int top;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">} ISTACK;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// stack function starts</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void initstack(STACK *stack);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int push(STACK *stack, char ch);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char pop(STACK *stack);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int isempty(STACK *stack);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// stack function ends</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// istack function starts</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void initistack(ISTACK *stack);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int ipush(ISTACK *stack, float i);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float ipop(ISTACK *stack);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// istack function ends</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">///////////////Stack function starts</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int isempty(STACK *stack)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(stack->top == -1) return 1; // true</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else return 0; // false</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void initstack(STACK *stack)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">strcpy(stack->data,""); // default initialization</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top = -1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char pop(STACK *stack)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if (stack->top == -1)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char c;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">c = stack->data[stack->top];</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top -= 1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return c;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int push(STACK *stack, char ch)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// inserts an element into the stack</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top += 1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(stack->top == STACK_SIZE)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top -= 1; return -1; // error status</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->data[stack->top] = ch; // assign data</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 0; // success</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">///////////////Stack function ends</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">///////////////IStack function starts</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void initistack(ISTACK *stack)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int i;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">for(i=0;i<stack_size;i++)>data[i] = 0.0f;</stack_size;i++)></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top = -1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float ipop(ISTACK *stack)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if (stack->top == -1)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float c;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">c = stack->data[stack->top];</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top -= 1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return c;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int ipush(ISTACK *stack, float ch)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// inserts an element into the stack</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top += 1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(stack->top == STACK_SIZE)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->top -= 1; return -1; // error status</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">stack->data[stack->top] = ch; // assign data</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 0; // success</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">///////////////IStack function ends</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">#endif </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">/* </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">Program to evaluate arithmetic expressions.........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">*/</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><div># include <stdio.h></stdio.h></div><div># include <string.h></string.h></div><div># include <malloc.h></malloc.h></div><div># include <stdlib.h></stdlib.h></div><div># include <math.h></math.h></div><div><br /></div></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">#include "mystack.h"</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int exp_val(char *pstr);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">typedef union </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float idata;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char cdata;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">} DATA;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// function forward declaration</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void exp_check(char *str);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int nextToken(char **, DATA *data);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void finish(STACK *stack_optr, ISTACK *stack_oprd);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void fupto(STACK *stack_optr, ISTACK *stack_oprd);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float execute(float oprd1,float oprd2, char ch);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int getpriority(char oprt);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// user defined function definition starts................</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int main()</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char *str;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// allocate input string memory</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">str = malloc(sizeof(char)*140);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\n\tAllowed operators are +, -, *, /, (, and )");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\n\tOperands can be both integers and decimal numbers..");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\n\tEnter an expression > ");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">scanf("%139s",str);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">exp_check(str);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">exp_val(str);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void exp_check(char *str)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int i=0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">STACK stack;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">initstack(&stack); // initialize stack........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">while((str[i]) != '\0')</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( str[i] == '(' ) push(&stack,str[i]);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( str[i] == ')' )</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char temp;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">temp = pop(&stack);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( temp != '(' ) </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\n\tMismatch occurs...\n\n");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">exit( -1 );</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">} </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">i++;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(stack.top != -1)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\nImproper number of braces......\n\n");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">exit(-1);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\nThe expression is valid..\n\n");</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int exp_val(char *pstr)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">STACK stack_optr;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">ISTACK stack_oprd;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">DATA data;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int rval;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float fresult;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char ch;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">initstack(&stack_optr); // initialize stack........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">initistack(&stack_oprd); // initialize stack........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">while((rval=nextToken(&pstr,&data))!= -1) </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{ // implementation goes here ..................</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if ( rval == 0 ) // operand in the expression.................</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">ipush(&stack_oprd, data.idata);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">} </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else if ( rval == 1) // operator in the expression..........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float oprd1, oprd2, result=0.0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char prev;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( data.cdata == '(' ) </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,data.cdata);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">continue;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else if( data.cdata == ')')</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">fupto(&stack_optr,&stack_oprd);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">continue;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( isempty(&stack_optr) ) // if operator stack is empty just store the operator...... </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,data.cdata);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> prev = pop(&stack_optr); // pop the operator...............</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// check the priority of the operator with the current one....</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( prev == '(' ) </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,prev);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,data.cdata);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">continue;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( getpriority(data.cdata) > getpriority(prev) )</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// just store the hight priority operator after the current one.......</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,prev);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,data.cdata);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else if( getpriority(data.cdata) == getpriority(prev))</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// execute the operation for current availabe and store the result.....</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">oprd2 = ipop(&stack_oprd);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">oprd1 = ipop(&stack_oprd);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = execute(oprd1,oprd2,prev);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">ipush(&stack_oprd,result); // store the result...</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,data.cdata); // store the new operator...</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr,prev);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">fupto(&stack_optr,&stack_oprd);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">push(&stack_optr, data.cdata); // store the low priority operator alone...</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">} // end of while........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(!isempty(&stack_optr)) // if not empty</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">finish(&stack_optr,&stack_oprd);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">fresult = ipop(&stack_oprd);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">printf("\n\n\t\t| Result is > %f |\n",fresult);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float execute(float oprd1,float oprd2, char ch)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float result;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">switch(ch)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">case '+':</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = oprd1 + oprd2;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">break;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">case '-':</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = oprd1 - oprd2;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">break;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">case '*':</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = oprd1 * oprd2;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">break;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">case '/':</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = oprd1 / oprd2;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">break;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return result;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void finish(STACK *stack_optr, ISTACK *stack_oprd)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char ch;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float oprd1,oprd2,result;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">while (!isempty(stack_optr)) // while not empty</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">oprd2 = ipop(stack_oprd);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">oprd1 = ipop(stack_oprd);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">ch = pop(stack_optr);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = execute(oprd1,oprd2,ch);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">ipush(stack_oprd,result);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">void fupto(STACK *stack_optr, ISTACK *stack_oprd)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">char ch;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float oprd1,oprd2,result;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">while ( !isempty(stack_optr) && (ch = pop(stack_optr)) != '(') // while not empty</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">oprd2 = ipop(stack_oprd);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">oprd1 = ipop(stack_oprd);<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">result = execute(oprd1,oprd2,ch);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">ipush(stack_oprd,result);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int nextToken(char **ppstr, DATA *data)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// returns 0 if integer token (operand)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// returns 1 if char token (operator)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// returns -1 if no token is available.</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">static int i=0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int slen=0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">float fp=0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( *((*ppstr) + i) == '\0' )</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return -1;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( (*((*ppstr)+i) >= 48 && *((*ppstr)+i) <= 57) || *((*ppstr)+i) == 46)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">// integer token so parse it.........</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int fflag=0; char tt[40];</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int jj=0;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">while( (*((*ppstr)+i) == 46) || ( (*((*ppstr)+i) !='\0') && ( *((*ppstr)+i) >= 48 && *((*ppstr)+i) <= 57) ) )</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(*((*ppstr)+i) == 46)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">fflag = 1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">fflag =0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if(fflag)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">tt[jj] = '.';<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> </span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">tt[jj] = *((*ppstr)+i);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">jj++;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">i++;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">tt[jj]='\0';</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">sscanf(tt,"%f",&fp);</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">data->idata = fp;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 0;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">data->cdata = *((*ppstr) + i); // store the character....</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">i++;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 1;</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">int getpriority(char oprt)</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">{</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">if( oprt == '+' || oprt == '-' )</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 1; // low priority</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">else if ( oprt == '*' || oprt == '/')</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">return 2; // high priority</span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">}</span></span></span></div></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-18999668447273858632010-12-08T23:07:00.000+05:302012-04-12T13:12:44.819+05:30Calculator Design<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.util.Random;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.applet.Applet;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.Graphics;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.Button;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.GridLayout;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.Panel;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.TextField;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.BorderLayout;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.Color;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.event.ActionListener;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">/*</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><applet code=MyApplet width = 400 height= 200></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></applet></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">*/</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">public class MyApplet extends Applet implements ActionListener,Runnable {</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> Random rand;</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> Button bt[];</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> Panel pnl1;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> TextField ipTextField;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> String fnum,snum;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> boolean aflag,sflag,mflag,dflag,dotflag,sinflag,cosflag,tanflag;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> public void run(){</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> } </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> public void init(){</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> setBackground(Color.white);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> rand = new Random();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> fnum = "0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> snum = "0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> int nb=25;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt = new Button[28];</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> pnl1 = new Panel();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> ipTextField = new TextField(10);</span></div>
<br /><div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> setLayout(new BorderLayout());</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> pnl1.setLayout(new GridLayout(7,4));</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<br /><div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> for(int i=0;i<=9;i++)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[i] = new Button( new Integer(i).toString());</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[10] = new Button("+");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[11] = new Button("-");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[12] = new Button("X");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[13] = new Button("/");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[14] = new Button("=");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[15] = new Button(".");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[16] = new Button("AC");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[17] = new Button("sin");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[18] = new Button("cos");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[19] = new Button("tan");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[20] = new Button("Rand");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[21] = new Button("Backspace");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[22] = new Button("Sqrt");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[23] = new Button("X^2");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[24] = new Button("X!");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[25] = new Button("1/X");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[26] = new Button("PI");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[27] = new Button("X^3");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> for(int i=0;i<28;i++) {</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> pnl1.add(bt[i]);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> bt[i].addActionListener(this);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> }</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> add(ipTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> add(pnl1,BorderLayout.CENTER);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> String msg;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> msg = ae.getActionCommand();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> String tmsg = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> if(msg.equals("0"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("1"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "1";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("2"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "2";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("3"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "3";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("4"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "4";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("5"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "5";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("6"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "6";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("7"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "7";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("8"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "8";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("9"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = tmsg + "9";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("AC")) { // All clear button.............</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> fnum = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> snum = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> aflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> sflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> mflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> dflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> }</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("Backspace")) {</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> if(fnum == null)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = fnum.substring(0,fnum.length()-1);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> }</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("+")) {</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> aflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> }</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("-")) {</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> sflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> }</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> else if(msg.equals("X"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">mflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("/"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("sin"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = Math.sin(dval)+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("cos"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = Math.cos(dval)+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("tan"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = Math.tan(dval)+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("X^2"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = (dval*dval)+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("X^3"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = (dval*dval*dval)+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("Sqrt"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = Math.sqrt(dval)+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("X!"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum==null) fnum = "0.0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double dobj;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double dval;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dobj = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dval = dobj.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">long li=1;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">for(int i = 1; i<=(int)dval;i++)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">li *= i;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = li+""; </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals(".")&&(dotflag==false))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = tmsg + ".";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("PI"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = Math.PI+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("Rand"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = rand.nextFloat()+"";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("1/X"))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">fnum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double d1;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double do1;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">do1 = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">d1 = do1.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(d1==0.0)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">try</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">ipTextField.setText("Divide by Zero Attempted.");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Thread.sleep(1000);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">catch(InterruptedException ie)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = "";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg =( (1/d1) + "" );</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">else if(msg.equals("="))</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">snum = ipTextField.getText();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(snum == null) snum = "0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(fnum == null) fnum = "0";</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">double n1,n2;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Double do1,do2;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">do1 = Double.valueOf(fnum);</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">do2 = Double.valueOf(snum); </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">n1 = do1.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">n2 = do2.doubleValue();</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(aflag==true)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = (n1+n2+"");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(sflag==true)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = (n1-n2+"");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(mflag==true)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = (n1*n2+"");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">if(dflag==true)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">tmsg = (n1/n2+"");</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">aflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">sflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">mflag = false;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">dflag = false;</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">dotflag = true;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">ipTextField.setText(tmsg); </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">public void paint(Graphics g)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">{</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">}</span></div>
</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-14104386621421968542010-12-08T23:00:00.000+05:302010-12-08T23:05:15.958+05:30PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING<p><span class="Apple-style-span" >import java.io.DataInputStream;<br /><br />import java.io.IOException;<br /><br />import datastruct.LinkedQueue;<br /><br />import datastruct.Node;</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" >/*<br /><br />@author athiruban<br /><br />PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING<br /><br />***/<br /><br /><br /><br />public class App<br /><br />{<br /><br />static String[] process_name=null;<br /><br />static int[] burst_time=null;<br /><br />static int[] waiting_time=null;<br /><br />static int[] turnaroundtime =null;<br /><br />static int noofproc=0;<br /><br />static DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(System.in);<br /><br />static LinkedQueue lq;<br /><br />static int exectime=0;<br /><br />static boolean processed=false;<br /><br />static int timeslice=0;<br /><br />public static void readInfo()<br /><br />{<br /><br />processed = false;<br /><br />System.out.print("\n\tEnter No Of Process : ");<br /><br />try{<br /><br />noofproc = Integer.parseInt(dis.readLine() ); } catch(IOException ioe){ }<br /><br />//allocate memory</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > process_name = new String[noofproc];<br /><br />burst_time = new int[noofproc];<br /><br />waiting_time = new int[noofproc];<br /><br />turnaroundtime = new int[noofproc];</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > lq = new LinkedQueue();</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > for(int i = 0;i<noofproc;i++)<br /><br />{<br /><br />System.out.print("\n\tEnter Process Name : ");<br /><br /><br /><br />try{<br /><br />process_name[i] = dis.readLine(); } catch(IOException ioe){ }</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > System.out.print("\n\tEnter Burst time : ");<br /><br /><br /><br />try{<br /><br />burst_time[i] = Integer.parseInt(dis.readLine() ); } catch(IOException ioe){ }</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > lq.addLast(process_name[i],burst_time[i]);<br /><br />}<br /><br /></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > }</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > public static int getBurstByName(String str)<br /><br />{<br /><br />for(int i = 0 ;i<noofproc;i++) { if( str.equals(process_name[i]) ) return burst_time[i]; }<br /><br />return 0;<br /><br />}</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > public static int getIdByName(String str)<br /><br />{<br /><br />for(int i = 0 ;i<noofproc;i++) { if( str.equals(process_name[i]) ) return i; }<br /><br />return 0;<br /><br />}</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > public static void displayStatistics()<br /><br />{<br /><br />double wt=0;<br /><br />double tt = 0;<br /><br />if(processed==false){ System.out.println("Locked"); return; }</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > System.out.println("\nProcess Execution Statistics");<br /><br />System.out.println("----------------------------");<br /><br />System.out.println("\nProcessName\t"+"BurstTime\t"+"waitingTime\t"+"Turnaround Time");<br /><br />for(int i =0;i<noofproc;i++)<br /><br />{<br /><br />System.out.println(process_name[i]+"\t\t"+burst_time[i]+"\t\t"+waiting_time[i]+"\t\t"+turnaroundtime[i]);<br /><br />wt += waiting_time[i];<br /><br />tt += turnaroundtime[i];<br /><br />}<br /><br />System.out.println("\n\tCPU Time Slice is :"+timeslice+" ms");<br /><br />System.out.println("\n\tAverage Waiting Time is :"+(wt/noofproc)+" ms");<br /><br />System.out.println("\n\tAverage Turnaround Time is :"+(tt/noofproc)+" ms");<br /><br />System.out.println("\n\tTotal Execution Time is : "+exectime+" ms");</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > }</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > public static void process()<br /><br />{<br /><br />Node tnode; // reference<br /><br /></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > if(process_name == null){System.out.println("Locked");return;}</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > System.out.println("INITIAL STAGE");<br /><br />lq.display();<br /><br />System.out.print("\n\tENTER TIME SLICE > ");<br /><br />try{<br /><br />timeslice = Integer.parseInt(dis.readLine());<br /><br />}catch(IOException ioe){ }<br /><br /><br /><br />while(lq.getSize()>0)<br /><br />{</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > tnode = lq.removeFirst();<br /><br />if(tnode.p_no >= timeslice) {<br /><br />exectime += timeslice;<br /><br />tnode.p_no -= timeslice;<br /><br />}<br /><br />else if(tnode.p_no > 0 && tnode.p_no < timeslice) {<br /><br />exectime += tnode.p_no;<br /><br />tnode.p_no =0;<br /><br />}</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > if(tnode.p_no > 0)<br /><br />lq.addLast(tnode.name,tnode.p_no);<br /><br />else {<br /><br />System.out.println("\tP r o c e s s "+tnode.name+" i s t e r m i n a t e d");<br /><br />waiting_time[getIdByName(tnode.name)]=exectime-getBurstByName(tnode.name);<br /><br />turnaroundtime[getIdByName(tnode.name)]</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" >=waiting_time[getIdByName(tnode.name)]+burst_time[getIdByName(tnode.name)];<br /><br />}<br /><br />lq.display();<br /><br />System.out.println("\t=--------------------------------------------------=");<br /><br />try{ dis.read(); } catch(IOException ioe){ }<br /><br />}<br /><br />processed = true;<br /><br />}</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > public static void main(String args[])<br /><br />{<br /><br />int ichoice=0;</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > L1:<br /><br />do{<br /><br />System.out.println("\n\n");<br /><br />System.out.println("\tIMPLEMENTING ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING");<br /><br />System.out.println("\t-----------------------------------");<br /><br />System.out.println("\t1 TO READ DETAILS");<br /><br />System.out.println("\t2 TO PROCESS QUEUE");<br /><br />System.out.println("\t3 TO DISPLAY STATISTICS");<br /><br />System.out.println("\t4 TO EXIT");</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > System.out.print("\n\tYour Choice > ");<br /><br />try{ ichoice = Integer.parseInt(dis.readLine() ); } catch(IOException ioe){ }</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > switch(ichoice)<br /><br />{<br /><br />case 1: readInfo();<br /><br />break;<br /><br />case 2: process();<br /><br />break;<br /><br />case 3: displayStatistics();<br /><br />break;<br /><br />case 4:<br /><br />break L1;<br /><br />default:<br /><br />break;<br /><br />}</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" > } while(true);</span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" ><br /></span><p><span class="Apple-style-span" >}<br /><br />}</span></p><br /><p></p>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3156707303837938219.post-84318274377566637542010-12-08T22:10:00.000+05:302012-04-14T10:49:28.276+05:30Implementing Graph Traversal (Breath First and Depth First)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b>Program Coding</b><br />
<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush:c">// Include necessary headers
int main()
{
int ichoice,i,no=0,j;
int **graph=NULL;
char *symbl=NULL,gt,c,src,dest;
int getindex(char *,char ,int );
do{
printf("\n\n\tGraph\n");
printf("\n\t 1 to Create Graph \n");
printf("\n\t 2 to Depth First Search \n");
printf("\n\t 3 to Breath First Search\n");
printf("\n\t 4 to Exit the program \n");
printf("\n Your Choice -> ");
scanf("%d",&ichoice);
switch(ichoice) {
case 1:
if(graph!=NULL) {
for(i=0;i<no;i++) </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> free(graph[i]);
free(graph);
free(symbl);
}
printf("\n\tHow many nodes -> ");
scanf("%d",&no);
graph = malloc(no*sizeof(int *));
symbl = malloc(no*sizeof(char));
for(i=0;i<no;i++)
graph[i] = (int *)malloc(no*sizeof(int));
printf("\n\nGraph Type Directed or undirected -> ");
getchar();
gt = getchar();</pre>
<pre class="brush:c">
</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> printf("\n\tEnter Nodes Avoid Repetition\n\t");
for(i=0;i<no;i++) {
scanf(" %c",&c);
symbl[i] = c;
}
printf("\n\nEnter Edge pair\n");
while(1) {
scanf(" %c %c",&src,&dest);
i=getindex(symbl,src,no);
j=getindex(symbl,dest,no);
if(i==-1||j==-1) break;
if(gt =='d' || gt== 'D')
graph[i][j]=1;
else
graph[i][j]=graph[j][i]=1;
}
printf("\n\nEdges created\n\n");
break;</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> case 2:
dfs(graph,symbl,no);
break;
case 3:
bfs(graph,symbl,no);
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
}
}while(1);
return 0;
}
int getindex(char *sy,char c,int n) { </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++){</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> if(sy[i]==c) </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> return i; </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> }
return -1;
}
bfs(int **graph,char *symb,int n) {
int x=0,*visited,i,que[20];
int front=-1,rear=-1;
char cc;
visited = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int) * n);
//Get Where to begin
printf("\n\nWhere to Begin Traverse\n");
getchar();
cc = getchar();
x=getindex(symb,cc,n);
if(x==-1) {
printf("\n\n\tInvalid Node....");
return;
}</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> for(i=0;i<n;i++) </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> visited[i]=0;
printf("\n\nBreath First Traversal\n");
printf("%c ",symb[x]);
visited[x]=1;
rear++; </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> front++;
que[rear]=x;
while( front <= rear ) {
x = que[front];
front ++;</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> for(i=0;i<n;i++) {
if( (graph[x][i] == 1) && (visited[i] == 0) ) {
printf("%c ",symb[i]);
visited[i]=1;
rear++;
que[rear]=i;
}
}
}
}
dfs(int **graph,char *symb,int n) {
int i,top=-1,stack[20],pop_v,j,t,*visited;
int x=0;
char cc;
visited = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int ) * n); </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> for(i=0;i<n;i++)
visited[i] = 0;</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> printf("\n\nWhere to Begin Traverse\n");
getchar();
cc = getchar();
x = getindex(symb,cc,n);
if(x==-1) {
printf("\n\tInvalid Node...");
return ;
}
top++;
stack[top] = x;
printf("\n\nDepth First Traversal\n");
while( top >= 0) {
pop_v = stack[top];
top--;
if( visited[pop_v] == 0) {
printf("%c ",symb[pop_v]);
visited[pop_v] = 1;
}
else continue;</pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--) {
if( (graph[pop_v][i] == 1) && (visited[i] == 0) ) {
top++;
stack[top]=i;
}
} </pre>
<pre class="brush:c"> }
}
</pre>
<b> The author is not liable for any discrepancies......</b></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05947591069950207424noreply@blogger.com0